Closing the “Quantum Supremacy” Gap: Achieving Real-Time Simulation of a Random Quantum Circuit Using a New Sunway Supercomputer

Authors: Haohuan Fu (Tsinghua University, China) and Team SWQSIM (Various)

Abstract: We develop a high-performance tensor-based simulator for random quantum circuits (RQCs) on the new Sunway supercomputer. Our major innovations include: a near-optimal slicing scheme, and a path-optimization strategy that considers both complexity and compute density; a three-level parallelization scheme that scales to about 42 million cores; a fused permutation and multiplication design that improves the compute efficiency for a wide range of tensor contraction scenarios; and a mixed-precision scheme to further improve the performance. Our simulator effectively expands the scope of simulative RQCs to include the 10×10 (qubits) × (1+40+1) (depth) circuit, with a sustained performance of 1.2 Eflops (single-precision), or 4.4 Eflops (mixed-precision) as a new milestone for classical simulation of quantum circuits, and reduces the simulation sampling time of Google Sycamore to 304 seconds, from the previously claimed 10,000 years.




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